EGHTESAD–E ISLAMI
text
article
2015
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Islamic Economics
پژوهشگاه فرهنگ و اندیشه اسلامی
1735-3262
14
v.
55
no.
2015
https://eghtesad.iict.ac.ir/article_14283_a4f4a57d36975e60c0a8f383181587f6.pdf
Standards of Non-Renewable Natural Resources’ Just Distribution in the Economic System of Islam
Sayyed Adnan
Lajvardi
استادیار دانشکده معارف اسلامی و اقتصاد دانشگاه امام صادق
author
Mohsen
Rezaee Sadrabadi
دانشجوی دکترای علوم اقتصادی دانشگاه امام صادق
author
Mojtaba
Sayyed-Hosseinzadeh Yazdi
دانشجوی دکترای علوم اقتصادی دانشگاه سمنان.
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2015
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One of the most important issues regarding the natural resources’ distribution in order for the nation’s development to be achieved is that of economic justice, as the stable development won’t be achieved, unless intra- and inter-generation justice should be established in the society. Meanwhile, since there is no unified definition for economic justice in the natural resources’ distribution, and most thinkers have examined only one of its aspects, that is, either inter- or intra-generation justice, and since a comprehensive assessment of the both of these two aspects hasn’t been done, in the present paper, in order for a comprehensive theory of economic justice to be explicated, and for a complete mechanism for fairly distributing the natural resources to be presented, using the library and deductive approaches, we first examine the western and Muslim scholars’ theories regarding the standards of inter- and intra-generation justice, and then, analyzing different scholars’ attitudes and comparing them with Islam, summarize all of them in a new framework and explicate the theory of justice in this connection. Our results show that the standards of justice’s being established are determined in the different phases based upon the economic situation, and four principles regarding the economic justice in the distribution of natural resources are assumable in which one can summarize the mechanism for distributing them.
Islamic Economics
پژوهشگاه فرهنگ و اندیشه اسلامی
1735-3262
14
v.
55
no.
2015
5
32
https://eghtesad.iict.ac.ir/article_14277_5962b5a2ceaf9db6fdb2ff0fd24ec71e.pdf
Time Sharing and its Economic Applications
Sayyed Abdulmotalleb
Ahmadzade Bazaz
استادیار گروه حقوق دانشگاه مفید.
author
Majid
Rezaee Davani
عضو هیئت علمى گروه اقتصاد دانشگاه مفید.
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2015
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In the present article, we try to jurisprudentially examine time sharing and its economic applications. However, as Iranian law, especially in the field of civil law, is based on Imamiah jurisprudence, one cannot avoid using juridical approach. The article is compiled in five sectors: literature, concepts, the reasons of time sharing’s being permissible, Grand Ayatullahs’ attitudes, and its advantages and applications. Given the concept of ownership, it was revealed that stability is not something of its essence, but rather it could be developed without that. The reasons for its being demonstrated are principal, existence of its parallel in Waqf, Solh, and reign rule. Some grand Ayatullahs’ acceptance of its validity confirms the idea presented in the article. Its acceptance has such important applications as attracting capital to the housing sector, reducing costs, and investment growth.
Islamic Economics
پژوهشگاه فرهنگ و اندیشه اسلامی
1735-3262
14
v.
55
no.
2015
33
60
https://eghtesad.iict.ac.ir/article_14278_29e310234a0b0bf80d0ea588535af9a9.pdf
An Analysis of the Impact of Third Sector’s Development on the Economic Indices and its Development Solutions in Iran
Morteza
Derakhshan
دانشجوی دکترای علوم اقتصادی دانشگاه اصفهان.
author
Khadije
Nasrollahi
استادیار اقتصاد، دانشگاه اصفهان.
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2015
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The present article presents the development of the economy’s third sector (Waqf and charity foundations) as a solution for implementing Islamic economics and using the capacities of public economy that develops the cooperative and philanthropic transactions besides the market competition, and also describes following this path as a necessary condition for Iranian-Islamic development consistent with the economic knowledge. Besides introducing a new approach to the third sector’s organizations and institutions (like endowment and charities), this article aims to show its importance and positive impact on the economic indices and then provides guidelines for its being developed in Iran. In order to do so, using the library method and introducing a conceptual model, we interpret the third sector’s transactions with the other two sectors of the economy and, using a statistical analysis, analyze the impact of its development and growth on such economic indices as the growth of gross domestic product (GDP) and human development index (HDI). The results show that the development of the economy’s third sector has a significant positive impact on GDP and HDI. Finally, relying on these results, we present eleven guidelines for the development of the third sector in Iran.
Islamic Economics
پژوهشگاه فرهنگ و اندیشه اسلامی
1735-3262
14
v.
55
no.
2015
61
88
https://eghtesad.iict.ac.ir/article_14279_4b4168177290615d95cec1905832cab4.pdf
An Inquiry into the Extraction of Righteousness and Fairness Standards in the Interest-Free Banking
Hasan
Sobhani
استاد دانشکده اقتصاد دانشگاه تهران.
author
Mohammad
Amirali
کارشناس ارشد اقتصاد دانشگاه تهران.
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2015
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It requires some standards and measures to be able to examine the interest-free banking operations law’s first clause which describes “establishing a monetary and credit system on the basis of righteousness and fairness and consistent with the ‘Islamic standards’ for adjusting the proper circulation of money and credit for the sake of the economy’s health and growth” as one of the banking system’s goals, through which it appears that one can assess this system’s success in reaching the determined ends. In the present article, besides introducing such standards as “economic efficiency”, “equality in the access to bank resources” and “priority of granting Qard-ul-Hasanah accounts alongside Qard-ul-Hasanah facilities” as the standards of bank resources’ just distribution, and such measures as “preserving national currency’s value”, “information clarity” and “regulation” as the principles of protective justice, and “balance of the banking system’s elements” as justice as the balance between the elements of a system, we have shown how the banking system has actually done in following and achieving this goal. Our results show that “property return” index is generally not favorable as a standard for assessing efficiently granting facilities. The average ratio of Qard-ul-Hasanah facilities to Qard-ul-Hasanah accounts has been approximately 43 percent. “Preserving national currency’s value” standard has not either been observed. Examining the two principles of “clarity” and “regulation” implies some deficiencies in this respect, and Iranian banking system’s elements don’t enjoy an appropriate balance with each other.
Islamic Economics
پژوهشگاه فرهنگ و اندیشه اسلامی
1735-3262
14
v.
55
no.
2015
89
119
https://eghtesad.iict.ac.ir/article_14280_42897914d57937bc330007ad214d0ded.pdf
An Economic-Jurisprudential Analysis of Transferring Net Profit from Capital to Labor
Ahmadali
Yousefi
دانشیار پژوهشگاه فرهنگ و اندیشه اسلامی.
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2015
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Production firms, after subtracting all costs including opportunity and accounting costs, usually gain net economic profit. According to the capitalistic economy’s foundations and the relations established in that regime, this profit belongs to capital and its owner. Net economic profit’s belonging to capital and paying a minimal fixed wage to the skilled, semi-skilled and ordinary labor forces have led to the society’s wealth and income’s being intensely concentrated in the hands of some few people. Statistics reveal that wealth and income gap is increasingly getting more severe. The stability of this gap’s growth leads to the stability of poverty in the society. Thus, all the economic systems have remarked their opinion about this kind of profit, and try to adjust, transfer or remove it in the economic relations. Capitalism suggests the perfect competition market model as an instrument for removing the net profit belonging to the capital. However, since perfect competition market is just an unreachable ideal, it hasn’t been successful to do so. Socialism describes abolishing private property and omitting profit principle from economic relations as the solution for removing net economic profit belonging to capital, whose outcome has been vast public poverty. The present article argues that the most appropriate model for solving the problem is that of integrative cooperative economy. Besides determining a suitable reward for capital, this model transfers the net economic profit to the skilled, semi-skilled and ordinary labor forces on the basis of their contribution in its production. Income and wealth distribution, thus, is done in such a way that adjusts the income and wealth gap, provides the favorable propensity, and constrains and reduces poverty. The present article, therefore, using descriptive-analytical approach, examines these models, and explicating the integrative cooperation on the basis of Islamic teachings, shows that this kind of cooperation manages to transfer net economic profit to labor, and distributes it, within the economic model, between those actually contributing to its production.
Islamic Economics
پژوهشگاه فرهنگ و اندیشه اسلامی
1735-3262
14
v.
55
no.
2015
121
146
https://eghtesad.iict.ac.ir/article_14281_56c150186bf9f7e05b8b9eef23af4983.pdf
Bank Awards in Saving Accounts; a Jurisprudential Analysis
Habibollah
Sha’bani Movasaqi
دانشآموخته سطح چهار حوزه علمیه قم.
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2015
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One of the prevalent kinds of bank accounts is saving account which receives no profit at all, but in order to persuade their customers to open this kind of accounts, banks sometimes give some awards by draw. As this kind of accounts has explicitly been assumed of debt nature, and as, according to the Islamic jurisprudence, debt accompanied with extra provision is called Riba and regarded illegitimate, this question arises whether depositing with the aim of receiving bank awards is regarded as an instance of Riba-debt.
The present article, using a descriptive-analytical approach, tries to show that although some regard receiving awards absolutely illegitimate, bank awards’ being an instance of Riba-debt depends entirely on the depositor’s intention and his interaction with the bank. If the intention, here, is to receive awards, so that the customers claim a legal right, the jurisprudential verdict of Riba-debt’s being illegitimate is valid; but otherwise one cannot prove it to be correct. The different kinds of customers’ attitudes are explicated with the positive standards as well.
Islamic Economics
پژوهشگاه فرهنگ و اندیشه اسلامی
1735-3262
14
v.
55
no.
2015
147
164
https://eghtesad.iict.ac.ir/article_14282_d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e.pdf
Arabic
text
article
2015
per
Islamic Economics
پژوهشگاه فرهنگ و اندیشه اسلامی
1735-3262
14
v.
55
no.
2015
165
173
https://eghtesad.iict.ac.ir/article_14284_e47858b793d5c5c9f0949e94aae6f836.pdf