نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 عضو هیئت علمی دانشگاه یزد
2 استاد اقتصاد دانشگاه سمنان.
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
Efficiency, fairness, equality and justice have been the most important economic, social, political and cultural terms that have engaged societies and civilizations’ thought till now. Each community's understanding of these concepts will have significant effects on labor, commodity and service markets, income distribution and community’s expectations from the government. Using laboratory observations and via behavioral games, this study has tried to survey the distributive decisions - equality or fairness based - of a 108-member sample of the target society (students of university of Mazandaran). It has also investigated the effect of games’ features on the individuals’ choice of income distribution. The results indicate that group interest raises collusion for increasing the individual’s takeover from the joint account, and that being not interested makes one more inclined to using entitlement and efficiency as the basis of distributive decision. The distribution function in the participants’ view is a one with positive y-intercept. Furthermore, one’s received income increases as one gets more entitled. The ratio between this relationship’s two parties, however, is not 1. Sense of altruism is found in the second common decision, while it is less prevalent in the first one. One’s feeling of his or her rights having been violated in the past unfair decisions makes one more likely to make unfair decisions in the future.
کلیدواژهها [English]
17. Aristotle; Ethique de Nicomaqur, Flammanion; Paris, 1982.
18. Blau, Peter M; Exchange and Power in Social Life; New York: Wiley, 1964.
19. Stuart Mill, Tohn; Utilitarianism; New York: Prometheus Books, 1987.