The bankruptcy of the banking system in any economy leads to an economic crisis. The purpose of this article is to design a model to predict factors affecting the probability of bankruptcy in the banking system of selected Islamic and non-Islamic countries. For this purpose, early warning model design and bank financial ratios such as liquidity ratio, profitability, income and financial crisis were considered as variables affecting the probability of bank bankruptcy. To determine bankruptcy, the kernel distribution function of the Z-score financial stability index was used. The prediction of the probability of bank bankruptcy in the selected countries during the period of 2010-2020 was carried out using the multiple logit method. The results indicate that in Islamic and non-Islamic countries, two years before bank bankruptcy, the ratio of financial crisis had a positive effect. Also, two years before bank bankruptcy in Islamic countries, the effect of income ratio was negative, and in selected non-Islamic countries, the profitability ratio had a negative effect. In Islamic countries, in the year of bank bankruptcy, the ratio of liquidity and income had a negative effect, and in the countries of non-Islamic countries, the ratio of liquidity, profitability and income had a negative effect, and in both groups of countries, in the year of the crisis, the ratio of financial crisis had a positive effect on the probability of bank bankruptcy. And this effect has been greater than other financial ratios.