Introduction: The agricultural sector of Iran, despite its pivotal role in ensuring food security and generating employment, has failed to benefit from economies of scale due to the fragmented structure of land holdings, financial constraints, and managerial weaknesses. Although small agricultural cooperatives hold a special position in the Islamic economy, they face serious challenges in maintaining economic efficiency and sustainability.
Objective: The main objective of this research is to design an efficient institutional structure that aligns with the principles of Islamic economics, thereby providing the necessary groundwork for agricultural cooperatives to benefit from economies of scale while upholding social justice.
Methodology: This study, using a library-based method and documentary analysis, examines the theoretical foundations of Islamic economics, cooperative theory, joint-stock company structures, and the concept of economies of scale. Based on this analysis, it proposes a hybrid model titled the “Cooperative–Joint Stock Company with Islamic Financing.”
Findings: The findings indicate that implementing this model significantly contributes to enhancing the economic resilience of small cooperatives by facilitating large-scale investments, reducing production costs, increasing productivity, and strengthening bargaining power. Furthermore, this approach is fully consistent with the values of Islamic economics, as it eliminates interest (Riba), promotes distributive justice, and emphasizes collective ownership and financial transparency.
Conclusion: The results suggest that the success of this model requires strengthening legal frameworks, developing Islamic financial instruments, and managerial empowerment. This structure can be utilized as a practical and indigenous model for reforming the agricultural structure of Iran and other Islamic countries.