دین‌داری اسلامی و ترجیحات زمانی فردی، یک مطالعه آزمایشگاهی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری اقتصاد اسلامی دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی (ره)

2 عضو هیئت علمی دانشکده اقتصاد دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی تهران

3 مدیر گروه آموزش اقتصاد اسلامی دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی

4 عضو هیئت علمی دانشگاه علمه طباطبایی

چکیده

هدف این پژوهش بررسی تأثیر دین‌داری اسلامی بر ترجیحات زمانی فردی است. برای این منظور، از روش آزمایشگاهی که امکان کنترل متغیر­های مداخله‌گر را فراهم می­آورد، استفاده شد. شیوه­ استخراج ترجیحات زمانی فردی، لیست قیمت چندگانه که در آن افراد در معرض انتخاب‌های چندگانه­ پولی قرار می­گیرند، بود. تابع تنزیل مورد استفاده در این پژوهش، به منظور تخمین نرخ تنزیل، تابع هذلولی بود. برازش داده‌ها نشان داد که این نوع تنزیل دارای برازش خوبی است و با پژوهش­های گذشته نیز سازگار است. به منظور سنجش دین‌داری، از پرسشنامه معتبر درون­سو- برون­سو آلپورت و راس و به منظور کنترل متغیر شخصیت از پرسشنامه هگزاکو استفاده شد. افراد مورد آزمایش 120 نفر از دانشجویان دانشگاه علامه و پیام نور بودند. به منظور سنجش تأثیر دین‌داری بر ترجیحات زمانی از روش رگرسیون حداقل مربعات معمولی استفاده شد.  نتایج پژوهش نشان داد، دین‌داری درون­سو، تأثیر منفی و معنادار و دین‌داری برون­سو، تأثیر مثبت اما بی‌‌معنا بر نرخ تنزیل دارد. از بین انواع ابعاد شخصیت، تنها بُعد با وجدان بودن، بر روی نرخ تنزیل تأثیر معنادار دارد. به نظر می­رسد سطح بالاتر دین‌داری درون­سو از طریق افزایش خود‌کنترلی باعث افزایش صبر فرد دین‌دار و به تبع کاهش نرخ تنزیل می­گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Islamic Religiousness and Individual Time Preferences, An Experimental Study

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Amin Zandi 1
  • abbas shakeri 2
  • Amrollah Amini 3
  • seyyed mohammad reza seyyed nourani 4
1 PhD student of islamic economics at Allameh tabatabaie university
2 Faculty member at Allameh Tabataba University, Faculty of Economics
3 Director of Department of Islamic Economics, Allameh Tabataba'i University
4 Faculty member at allameh tabatabaie universirty
چکیده [English]

The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of Islamic religiousness on individual time preferences. For this purpose, the experimental method, which allows controlling the confounding variables, and, of course, is the most important and valid method for estimating individual time preferences, is used. The method used to derive individual preferences was multiple price list, in which individuals are subject to multiple monetary choices. The discount function for estimation of discount rate, which was used in this study, was hyperbolic function, in this type of function, the discount does not take place at a constant rate, but the discount is reduced by extending the time interval. The fitting of the data using the hyperbolic function showed that this type of discounting has a good fit and is consistent with previous research. In order to assess religiosity, a valid intrinsic-extrinsic questionnaire was used. valid Hexaco questionnaire was used to control the personality variable. The subjects were 120 students from Allameh Tabataba'i and Payam noor University. The least squares regression method was used to measure the effect of religiosity on time preferences. The results of the study showed that intrinsic religiosity had a negative and significant effect on the discount rate, while extrinsic religiosity had a positive, but meaningless, effect on the discount rate. Among all kinds of personality dimensions, only conscientiousness has a significant effect on the discount rate. It seems that the higher level of intrinsic religiosity, through self-control, increases the patience of the religious individual and, consequently, reduces the discount rate. The increase in conscientiousness dimension of the personality, which reflects the tendency to organize time, work regularly, and accuracy in decision making, also reduces the discount rate.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Experimental Economics
  • Behavioral Economics
  • Economics of Religion
  • Intertemporal Choice
  • Time Preferences

مراجع

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