Due to the high degree of importance of natural resources, especially non-renewable resources, for the growth and development of divine creatures in religious approaches and creator-centered perspectives, and despite the existence of various studies on the use of non-renewable natural resources from the perspective of Islamic economics, in these discussions, the principles and rules presented for the optimal allocation of this type of resources are mostly either within the framework of conventional economics with a sustainable development approach in terms of human material interests or within the framework of normative economics, and policy recommendations that are not based on the maximization of a specific objective function, but are often based on value recommendations and without the use of a behavioral optimization under the framework of rational choice theory.
In the present study, the authors have tried to discuss and examine various aspects of the optimal allocation of non-renewable resources within a generation and also in the intergenerational horizon by presenting an objective function based on real-term satisfaction of humans and the path of maximizing this objective function. Among the most important results of the presented analyses, we can point out the need to observe the proportion between the rate of human growth and development and the rate of exploitation of non-renewable natural resources for the optimal allocation of these resources in the intergenerational horizon, as well as the space to move in the direction of human Pareto optimality within a generation without double pressure on the exploitation of natural resources. In other words, in the short term, by redistributing the benefits of natural resource exploitation to help the human growth and development of the population below the average growth rate in a society, one can approach the human Pareto optimality point of natural resources.